1. Function Abstraction (λx.M)
Defines a function
def f(x):\n return x + 1
2. Function Application
Applying function to value
def f(x):\n return x + 1\n\nprint(f(5))
3. Higher-Order Function
Function taking another function
def apply(func, value):\n return func(value)\n\nprint(apply(lambda x: x*2, 5))
4. Closures
Function remembering outer variable
def outer(x):\n def inner():\n return x + 5\n return inner\n\nf = outer(10)\nprint(f())
5. Lambda (Anonymous Function)
Inline function
f = lambda x: x + 1\nprint(f(10))
6. Decorator (Function Transformation)
Modify function behavior
def decorator(func):\n def wrapper():\n return "Hello " + func()\n return wrapper\n\n@decorator\ndef greet():\n return "World"\n\nprint(greet())
7. Recursion
Function calling itself
def fact(n):\n if n == 1:\n return 1\n return n * fact(n-1)\n\nprint(fact(5))